The “one pervading purpose found [in the Civil War Amendments to the Constitution], lying at the foundation of each” is “the freedom of the slave race, the security and firm establishment of that freedom, and the protection of the newly-made freeman and citizen from the oppressions of those who had formerly exercised unlimited dominion over him.”

Source: The Slaughter-House Cases, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36, 71 (1873).

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